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Hardware Information

Wi-Fi Extender Reference TargetsTarget

Serial Port Access

https://doc.turris.cz/doc/en/troubleshooting/serial_link#turris_omnia

Image Removed

Caution:  Do not connect Vcc!

NOTE:  Wouter Cloetens shared links and information on taking serial connection and flashing OpenWRT image

Setting up Bootloader:

In serial console, press "Enter" key to get into u-boot prompt

Type "version" u-boot command to check the u-boot version

If the version found to be "U-Boot 2015.10-rc2", then type "reset" u-boot command. Then skip this section and move on to sub section(Setting default U-boot environment)

If version is other than U-Boot 2015.10-rc2, follow below steps (derived from https://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/TurrisOmnia#Bootloader_update)

• Install a tftp server (eg. tftpd-hpa) on your computer and place the attached uboot-turris-omnia-spl.kwb file into your computer's tftp directory(eg. /srv/tftp/).

...

Then, run the following commands at the u-boot prompt on Turris Omnia

Requirements

Two files are required to bring up Newer model of Turris Omnia (Turris Omnia 2019 & Turris Omnia 2020)[Revision: CZ11NIC23]

• Omnia Medkit image

• WIC gzip image(Example: rdkb-generic-broadband-image_default_20200809095738.rootfs.wic.gz) coming out of build Turris Omnia RDKB Gateway: Yocto Build Instructions

Extract *.wic.gz image and rename to sysupgrade.wic

manigandan@manigandan-Latitude-3400:~$ gunzip rdkb-generic-broadband-image_default_20200809095738.rootfs.wic.gz
manigandan@manigandan-Latitude-3400:~$ mv rdkb-generic-broadband-image_default_20200809095738.rootfs.wic sysupgrade.img

Flashing RDKB image (A Yocto Project based Distro)

Perform following steps to flash New Turris Omnia with RDKB image.

• Connect a USB flash drive to PC that is running Linux. Create a partition in flash drive and format the partition with mkfs.ext2
• Copy both attached medkit image and sysupgrade.img image to USB

...

dhcp
tftpboot 0x1000000 uboot-turris-omnia-spl.kwb
sf probe
sf update 0x1000000 0 $filesize

Setting default U-boot environment

In serial console, press "Enter" key to get into u-boot prompt

Run following u-boot commands to set default U-boot environment

Flashing

The Omnia ships with TurrisOS preinstalled. This is an OpenWrt fork with the older Linux 4.4 kernel. It uses btrfs to manage the eMMC flash.

We do not use it in this mode. The RDK-B port is closer to the mainline OpenWrt port, which uses Linux 4.14, and a traditional partition table.

Reflashing procedure from TurrisOS:

• upgrade through a "medkit" image through the use of a USB stick and pressing the reset button.
• https://openwrt.org/toh/turris_cz.nic/turris_cz.nic_omnia is not entirely accurate, and cannot complete without access to the serial port, due to an error in the factory initialisation of the U-boot environment. Updated procedure:
• Remove the casing. Connect a TTL serial interface, see "Serial Port Access" above.
• Format a USB flash drive as ext2.
Download openwrt-18.06.2-mvebu-cortexa9-turris-omnia-sysupgrade.img.gz and omnia-medkit-openwrt-18.06.2-mvebu-cortexa9-turris-omnia-initramfs.tar.gz from http://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/18.06.2/targets/mvebu/cortexa9/ and copy both files to the root of the flash drive.
• Disconnect other USB devices from the Turris Omnia and connect the flash drive to either USB port. (I have only verified this with the USB port at the front).

• Hold down the reset button (backside, bottom centre) and plug in the power cord. Wait until the fourth LED lights up (green), then release (before the 5th LED lights up). _Please

  click

  _{check here to see more detail on rescue modes.}

• Wait approximately 2 minutes for the Turris Omnia to flash itself with the temporary image, during which LEDs will change multiple times.

  Either use the serial console, or connect a computer to a LAN port (LAN0 to LAN4) of the Turris Omnia with a DHCP client.
  From a computer:

  ssh root@192.168.1.1

  Then, from the ssh session or a serial console:

  mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sysupgrade /mnt/openwrt-18.06.2-mvebu-cortexa9-turris-omnia-sysupgrade.img.gz

• Wait another minute for the final OpenWrt image to be flashed. The Turris Omnia will reboot itself and you can remove the flash drive.

• After device reboot. You are now running stock OpenWrt 18.06.2.

•  Wouter Cloetens to provide an updated medkit image that fixes the U-boot environment, removing the need to open the casing and connect a serial port.

The eMMC disk is now regularly partitioned.

...

root@OpenWrt:~# fdisk /dev/mmcblk0
 
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
 
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 7.3 GiB, 7818182656 bytes, 15269888 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x15344058
 
Device         Boot Start    End Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/mmcblk0p1 *     2048  35327   33280  16.3M  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/mmcblk0p2      36864 561663  524800 256.3M 83 Linux

Create a new partition for RDK-B.

The devicetree database and the Linux kernel are in the FAT32 partition:

...

root@OpenWrt:~# mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# ls -l /mnt
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root         17353 Aug 17  2018 armada-385-turris-omnia.dtb
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root       2445072 Aug 17  2018 zImage

Copy the kernel in the FAT32 partition.

Reconfigure U-boot to boot from your kernel and root partition.

It is strongly recommend to keep the OpenWrt partition and kernel. If boot fails, it is easy to change the U-boot environment and boot back into OpenWrt.

Flashing RDKB image (A Yocto Project based Distro)

...

root@OpenWrt:~# opkg update
root@OpenWrt:~# opkg install fdisk

Create one primary partition for zImage. Create another extended partition for holding logical partitions for rootfs and /nvram.

After reboot, format /dev/mmcblk0p3, /dev/mmcblk0p5 and /dev/mmcblk0p6 as ext2 partitions.

Copy zImage, dtb and a rootfs tar file from yocto workspace to turris omnia(whose IP is 192.168.1.1).
(in your PC)

...

$ scp <yocto_workspace>build-turris/tmp/deploy/images/turris/zImage root@192.168.1.1:/tmp
$ scp <yocto_workspace>build-turris/tmp/deploy/images/turris/zImage-armada-385-turris-omnia.dtb root@192.168.1.1:/tmp/armada-385-turris-omnia.dtb
$ scp <yocto_workspace>build-turris/tmp/deploy/images/turris/rdkb-generic-broadband-image_default_<image-timestamp>.rootfs.tar.gz root@192.168.1.1:/tmp/

(in turris omnia)

...

root@OpenWrt:~# mount /dev/mmcblk0p3 /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# mv /tmp/zImage /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# mv /tmp/armada-385-turris-omnia.dtb /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# umount /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# mount /dev/mmcblk0p5 /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# tar -xzf /tmp/rdkb-generic-broadband-image_default_<image-timestamp>.rootfs.tar.gz -C /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# umount /mnt
root@OpenWrt:~# reboot

...

=> env set yocto_bootargs earlyprintk console=ttyS0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p5 rootfstype=ext2 rw rootwait
=> env set yocto_mmcload setenv bootargs \"\$yocto_bootargs cfg80211.freg=\$regdomain\"\; ext2load mmc 0:3 0x01000000 zImage\; ext2load mmc 0:3 0x02000000 armada-385-turris-omnia.dtb
=> env set mmcboot run yocto_mmcload \|\| run openwrt_mmcload \|\| run factory_mmcload\; bootz 0x01000000 - 0x02000000
=> saveenv
=> reset

During 4-led upgrade procedure, following things are done:

1. Power on Turris Omnia perform 4-led upgrade with usb plugged in, containing the new medkit and the sysupgrade image.
2. Rescue image in Turris Omnia will find and install the medkit image on mmc flash and reboot.
3. Since the medkit image now has a boot.scr in bootfs, u-boot 2019 uses this to boot into the medkit image automatically.
4. The medkit's startup script mounts the usb device and performs a sysupgrade using the wic image(RDK image).
5. The wic image is flashed to mmc and the system reboots.
6. The new bootfs also contains a boot.scr. U-boot again uses this to boot RDKB image into the board. Now, RDK-B boots.

...

RDK Firmware(Image) upgrade:

Approach 1:

RDK firmware upgrade with XConf server: Firmware upgrade through XCONF server - Turris-Omnia - User Manual - 2020 - M6

Approach 2(Quick):

Copy zImage and rootfs files from PC to /tmp/ directory of Turris Omnia which is running RDK Image

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Approach 3:

Go back to OpenWrt OS (please refer Fallback to OpenWrt OS section above ).

Have Ethernet connection from your PC to LAN port of Turris Omnia.

Keep rootfs(rdkb-generic-broadband-image_default_*.rootfs.tar.gz) and zImage(zImage--4.14.22-r0-turris-*.bin) files in home directory of your PC.

In OpenWrt OS, create a script(yocto-fw-upgrade.sh) with following commands with updates as it needs.

Run the script from inside OpenWrt OS.

...

Turris Omnia will now run upgraded version of Yocto based RDK image.

Fallback to OpenWrt OS(Failsafe):

To fallback to openwrt OS, enter following u-boot commands.

...