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1. Check the MariaDB Version

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo mysql -u <<DB_USERNAME>> -p -V

2. Backup the Database

   When performing an upgrade, creating a backup or a dump of the existing databases is important just in case if something goes wrong. Dump the database with the following command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo mysqldump -u <<DB_USERNAME>> -p <<DB_PASSWORD>> --all-databases > /tmp/database-backup.sql

   Alternatively, copy the database directory into a separate folder using this command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo cp -a /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql.backup

   Backup the configuration file with this command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo cp -a /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf_bk

   In case of any failures in the upgrade, you can use one of the above copies to restore your databases.

   
   

3. Uninstall the Current MariaDB Repository.You will need to uninstall the old MySQL database before installing the newer version. To do so, you must first stop the MySQL service using the below command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo systemctl stop mysql

   Check the current status of MySQL using this command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo systemctl status mysql

4. Add the New MariaDB Repository

   All the packages need to be up-to-date. Use the following command to update your packages.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo yum update

   Create a new repo file for the latest version.

   Code Block
   language bash
   vi /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo

   Copy and paste the following contents into the /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo file.

   Code Block
   [mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.11/centos7-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1

   To exit and save the Vim file, type :wq and press Enter.

   
   

5. Uninstall the Old MySQL Version

   Uninstall the old version of MariaDB using the below command. This command completely removes the old MariaDB version and leaves the databases.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo yum remove mysql sudo yum remove mysql-community-common sudo yum clean all

6. Install the Latest Version of MariaDB

   Install 10.11 of MariaDB and the most common packages, using the command below.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo yum install MariaDB-server galera-4 MariaDB-client MariaDB-shared MariaDB-backup MariaDB-common

7. Start MariaDB

   Start the MariaDB service with this command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo systemctl start mariadb

   To set MariaDB to start automatically when the VM boots up, use the following command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo systemctl enable mariadb

   Check the current status of MariaDB using this command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo systemctl status mariadb

   Check the currently installed MariaDB version with this command.

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo mysql -u root -p -V

8. Upgrade MariaDB

   Run the upgrade command to upgrade MySQL database to MariaDB. This command will migrate all the existing databases with its data to latest installed MariaDB

   Code Block
   language bash
   sudo mysql_upgrade -u root -p

   
   

   MariaDB has been successfully upgraded to the latest version.

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