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The MoCA system network model creates a coax network that supports communications between a convergence layer in one MoCA node to the corresponding convergence layer in another MoCA node. The protocol stack of a MoCA node is shown in Figure 1-1. The MoCA specification does not include layers above the convergence layer.

Figure 1-1: MoCA Node Protocol Stack

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Typical in-home coaxial networks are configured as a branching tree topology.  The point of connection to the first splitter is called the Root Node. The MoCA nodes inside the home communicate with each other by having their signals traverse across one or more splitters. The signal path transmission between two MoCA nodes is the superposition of several individual paths. Each individual signal path may have a different magnitude and delay resulting in an aggregate signal path with frequency nulls, large attenuation, and significant delay spread. The MoCA Network will operate under these channel conditions.

Figure 1-2: A Typical In-home MoCA Network

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